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Mass, Volume and Solution Percentages

Relate mass/volume concentration, mass fraction, volume fraction and compatible concentration-unit representations.

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Calculator inputs

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How to use this calculator

  1. Enter the known values in the units shown. Results update as you type.
  2. Where results are editable, change one to solve backwards. Lock a value to hold it fixed.
  3. Use the worked example to check the method. Reset restores the starting fields.

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Inputs and results stay in this browser tab. Bookify does not upload or store the values you enter.

Formula and method

10 g in 100 mL gives 10% mass/volume; 10 g in a 100 g solution gives 10% by mass.

Mass fraction = solute mass / solution mass; volume fraction = solute volume / solution volume

Worked example

Enter these known values and leave the other values blank.

Mass of solute
10 g
Volume of solution
100 mL
Mass of solution
100 g
Volume of solute
10 mL
Concentration (%)
10 %
Concentration (m/V)
0.1 g / mL
Mass of solute
10 g
Weight percentage
10 %
Volume of solution
100 mL
Volume percentage
10 %

Assumptions and limitations

  • These three percentage conventions have different denominators. The linked solute-mass and solution-volume fields refer to the same sample; do not supply inconsistent duplicates.
  • The ppm display here is a mass/volume convention, equivalent to mg/L, not ppm by mass for an arbitrary-density solution. Volumes are final solution volumes; ideal volume additivity is not assumed.

Common questions

What does this model assume?

These three percentage conventions have different denominators. The linked solute-mass and solution-volume fields refer to the same sample; do not supply inconsistent duplicates.

Can I solve backward?

Clear the unknown value and enter compatible known values. Choices, one-way outputs and singular boundary cases cannot always be inverted.

References

Explicit physical and mathematical model domains: finite positive denominators, dilute limiting-law applicability, integral ionic charge numbers, nonnegative concentrations and normalized isotope abundances.

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