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Langmuir Single Layer Surface Coverage

Solve equilibrium coverage, pressure or adsorption constant for a single-class monolayer adsorption model.

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Calculator inputs

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How to use this calculator

  1. Enter the known values in the units shown. Results update as you type.
  2. Where results are editable, change one to solve backwards. Lock a value to hold it fixed.
  3. Use the worked example to check the method. Reset restores the starting fields.

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Formula and method

At K = 0.01 Pa⁻¹ and pressure 100 Pa, KP is one, so half the sites are occupied: θ = 0.5, or 50%.

θ = KP/(1 + KP); coverage percent = 100θ.

Worked example

Enter these known values and leave the other values blank.

Adsorption constant K (Pa⁻¹)
0.01
Partial pressure (P)
100 Pa
Surface fraction (θ)
0.5
Surface percent
50 %

Assumptions and limitations

  • The model assumes identical independent adsorption sites, one molecule per site, equilibrium and no lateral adsorbate interactions.
  • K is entered in reciprocal pascals. Pressure unit changes convert P internally to pascals; do not rescale K to the displayed pressure unit.
  • Positive finite K and P give strictly 0 < θ < 1. Zero and full coverage are excluded from finite inverses in this tool.

Common questions

What are the units of K?

Reciprocal pascals, so KP is dimensionless when internal pressure is in pascals.

Can I solve an unknown pressure?

Enter K and a fractional coverage strictly between zero and one.

References

Declare the physical or stated approximation domain; captured arithmetic is unchanged.

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