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Angular Size & Milliradian Distance Estimate

Estimate range from a known object height and its angular height using the small-angle milliradian relationship.

  • Formula & worked example
  • Private in your browser
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Calculator inputs

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How to use this calculator

  1. Enter the known values in the units shown. Results update as you type.
  2. Where results are editable, change one to solve backwards. Lock a value to hold it fixed.
  3. Use the worked example to check the method. Reset restores the starting fields.

Private by default

Inputs and results stay in this browser tab. Bookify does not upload or store the values you enter.

Formula and method

An object 2 m tall spanning 4 mrad is approximately 500 m away.

Distance ≈ 1000 × object height / angular height in mrad

Worked example

Enter these known values and leave the other values blank.

Object height
2 m
Angular height of the object
4 mrad
Distance to the object
0.5 km

Assumptions and limitations

  • This is the small-angle approximation, most accurate when angular height is much smaller than one radian.
  • Use the visible dimension perpendicular to the line of sight. Unknown object size, tilt and reading error directly affect the estimate.
  • Angular height must be positive. Milliradians mean 1/1000 radian; reticles using a different military-mil convention require conversion.
  • This geometric estimate does not account for terrain, atmospheric refraction or measurement uncertainty.

Common questions

What should I check before using this result?

This is the small-angle approximation, most accurate when angular height is much smaller than one radian.

References

Bookify requires a positive angular span to avoid division by zero and negative range.

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